Extraction with Oil and Water (In Person)

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VIDEO LINKS:

Lab Experiments (Write protocols and perform experiments based on these):

  1. Extraction with Oil and Water
  2. Separation of Liquids

Data analysis and calculations (Use these if you need help with your data and calculations)

  1. Representation of Organic Molecules
  2. Polarity of Bonds
  3. Polarity of Molecules
  4. Intermolecular Forces
 

The prelab must include Experimental Protocol, Chemical Table and Equipment Table.

The lab report requires all sections (including prelab sections) to be completed in one document.

Experimental Protocol

(Analysis) Watch the experiment videos.  Take notes on the protocol.  Stop the video and re-watch as necessary to acquire the details of the procedure.  Write out the protocol for each part of the experiment.  (It can be written in sequential steps.  Complete sentences are not necessary.)  This is the protocol you will follow, so be detailed.

Chemical Table

(Representation) Prepare your chemical table including the materials you will use in the experiment.  Here is a general template that you may use.
Chemical Name Chemical Formula Molar Mass (g/mol) Hazards reference PPE
Sodium Chloride NaCl 58.5 Skin irritation https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/21105.htm  
           
           

Equipment Table

(Analysis) Identify the equipment (type AND size) needed for the experiment and include the name and an image of each.  Be sure to describe the equipment, how to use it, and why it is suitable for this use.
Equipment Name Equipment Picture Intended Purpose

Data Collection

(Acquiring competencies) Following your detailed protocol based on the videos, perform all the experiments. Record your observations and take pictures of your key steps in the process.  Your observations and images need to be incorporated in your data section and this section should be as detailed as possible as you will use this information to complete your discussion.

Data Processing

  1. (Experiment design) Propose an alternate method for extracting the scented compounds from the plants.
  2. (Analysis) Identify the top and bottom layers in the separatory funnel.
  3. (Analysis) Identify the polarity of the solvents used in each type of extraction.
  4. (Assumptions and Analysis) Fill in the following table using the observations and data from your experiments.
Assumptions made Testing the assumption If assumptions are wrong ...
Your nose is equally sensitive to both oil and water-soluble compounds. This would require instrumentation. Leads to incorrect conclusions.

Discussion

Write a minimum one-page (12 font, single spaced) discussion on the experiment conducted this week. Address at least one question in each category as fully as possible integrating the collected data, providing explanations for the observed trends, and evaluating whether your original assumptions about the experiment were validated by the results. The assignment will be graded on completeness, clarity of the explanations and the meaningful integration of the collected and calculated data. Correct grammar and appropriate format for the chemical formulae and chemical reactions is expected.  
  1. (Existing knowledge, research, and views) Describe how polarity is determined using the structure of a compound.
  2. (Existing knowledge, research, and views) Define intermolecular forces and describe what they represent.
  3. (Existing knowledge, research, and views) State the rule for miscibility.
  4. (Analysis) Identify the property of hexane and water that allowed us to layer them.
  5. (Analysis) Describe a method that can be used to identify the hexane layer if both the hexane and water are colorless liquids.
  6. (Experiment design) Propose a practical laboratory method for determining the polarity of a molecule. Describe the protocol and the required materials.
  7. (Analysis) Describe how you would determine if some of the herb/flower interacted with the oil or water fraction. Provide observations from your experiment that support your method.
  8. (Analysis) Describe the odor of your water and oil fraction. Describe the similarities and differences between them and provide an explanation for them.
  9. (Analysis) Describe what happened when you placed the whole herb/flower in the water and oil fractions. Compare the observations to those from the chopped/ crushed herbs.
  10. (Analysis) Provide a supported argument for the polarity of the food color in the separatory funnel extraction.
  11. (Experimental Design) Provide a supported argument for using a separatory funnel for separating immiscible liquids.
  12. (Experimental Design) Propose a method for separating the food coloring from the water.
  13. (Analysis) Propose a method for determining the polarity of a molecule using the structure of the molecule. Include the structure of the compound to support your reasoning.
  14. (Existing knowledge, research, and views) Look up the structure of the compound that is responsible for the scent of your herb. Describe how the structure of the compound affects the odor of the water and oil fractions.
  15. (Experiment design) Propose at least one method to successfully separate oil and water.
  16. (Experiment design) Propose at least one delicious combination for infused water and one for infused oil.
  17. (Assumptions) Describe at least one assumption that is made when a compound is classified as water-soluble.
  18. (Assumptions) Describe at least one assumption that is made when a compound is classified as soluble in oil.
  19. (Analysis) Describe when, if ever a compound can be soluble in both water and oil. Provide a supported argument for your choice.
  20. (Analysis) Describe how washing your hair with shampoo is an extraction process.