View Experiment - Experimentium

VIDEO LINKS:

Lab Experiments (Write protocols and perform experiments based on these):

Data analysis and calculations (Use these if you need help with your data and calculations)

The prelab must include Experimental Protocol, Chemical Table and Equipment Table.

The lab report requires all sections (including prelab sections) to be completed in one document.

Experimental Protocol

(Analysis) Watch the experiment videos. Take notes on the protocol. Stop the video and re-watch as necessary to acquire the details of the procedure. Write out the protocol for each part of the experiment. (It can be written in sequential steps. Complete sentences are not necessary.) This is the protocol you will follow, so be detailed.

Chemical Table

(Representation) Prepare your chemical table including the materials you will use in the experiment. Here is a general template that you may use.

Chemical Name	Chemical Formula	Molar Mass (g/mol)	Hazards	Reference	PPE
Sodium Chloride	NaCl	58.5	Skin irritation	https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/21105.htm

Equipment Table

(Analysis) Identify the equipment (type AND size) needed for the experiment and include the name and an image of each. Be sure to describe the equipment, how to use it, and why it is suitable for this use.

Equipment Name	Equipment Picture	Intended Purpose

Data Collection

(Acquiring competencies) Following your detailed protocol based on the videos, perform all the experiments. Record your observations and take pictures of your key steps in the process. Your observations and images need to be incorporated in your data section and this section should be as detailed as possible as you will use this information to complete your discussion.

Data Processing

(Existing knowledge, research, and views) Identify the main ingredient in eggshells.
(Representation) Write the balanced chemical equation for the observed reaction between the eggshell and the vinegar.
(Manipulation) Assuming that your eggshell only contains the main ingredient, calculate the mass and volume of the 5% vinegar needed to fully react with it. Show all your work with the appropriate units.
(Manipulation) Assuming that your eggshell only contains the main ingredient, calculate the number of moles of calcium acetate produced in the reaction. Show all your work with the appropriate units.
(Representation) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction that produced the calcium carbonate precipitate.
(Manipulation) Using the mass of the calcium carbonate precipitate, calculate the mass of the calcium ions in the eggshell. (Hint: You will need to use both balanced chemical equations.) Show all your work with the appropriate units.
(Manipulation) Calculate the percent calcium in the eggshell. (Hint: you can only do this for the broken eggshells that you weighed before the experiment.)
(Representation) Collect and organize the data from your group. The table should minimally include the mass of the eggshells and the mass of the collected calcium carbonate.
(Assumptions and Analysis) Fill in the following table using the observations and data from your experiments.

Assumptions made	Testing the assumption	If assumptions are wrong
There is no calcium in vinegar.

Discussion

Write a minimum one-page (12 font, single spaced) discussion on the experiment conducted this week. Address at least one question in each category as fully as possible integrating the collected data, providing explanations for the observed trends, and evaluating whether your original assumptions about the experiment were validated by the results. The assignment will be graded on completeness, clarity of the explanations and the meaningful integration of the collected and calculated data. Correct grammar and appropriate format for the chemical formulae and chemical reactions is expected.

(Existing knowledge, research, and views) Describe the components of an egg and indicate the main ingredient in each component.
(Interpretation) Using your balanced chemical equations that describes the observed reactions, interpret their meaning on the microscopic and macroscopic scale.
(Representation) Starting with the molecular equations, derive the total ionic and net ionic equations for each balanced chemical equation.
(Interpretation) Using your calculations based on balanced chemical equations and your observations, identify the limiting reactant and excess reactant in each reaction.
(Experiment design) Provide an argument for letting the egg sit in the vinegar for 24 hours before replacing the vinegar. Suggest at least one method that would speed up the reaction.
(Experiment design) Provide an argument for removing the solution and adding fresh vinegar to the egg after 24 hours. Describe why this step was necessary and suggest an alternative to it.
(Experiment design) Provide a supported argument for using the sodium carbonate solution to precipitate the calcium and not sodium carbonate powder. (Hint: consider the definition of a precipitation reaction for this answer.)
(Analysis) If you didn’t have sodium carbonate available, what other compounds could you have used to precipitate the calcium ions? (Hint: consider the solubility table.)
(Analysis) Describe the difference between the reaction between a whole egg and the cracked eggshells with vinegar. Provide at least one supported argument for the difference.
(Assumptions and Limitations) Describe at least one assumption you make when calculating the amount of calcium from your eggshell. Identify at least two reasons from your experiment that make it impossible to determine the exact amount of calcium in the eggshell.
(Analysis) Compare the percent calcium of your eggshells with your group. Comment on the precision of your experiment. Provide at least one argument that explains the similarity and one for the difference.
(Existing knowledge, research, and views) Birds are not the only species that lay eggs. Identify the main ingredient in those eggs and evaluate whether you could perform this experiment on those.
(Existing knowledge, research, and views) Calcium carbonate is a white powder, and yet the eggshells can have a variety of colors. Identify at least one cause for the variation in colors.
(Existing knowledge, research, and views) Calcium carbonate is commonly found in nature. List at least 3 materials, beyond eggshells that are made of calcium carbonate. Comment on the difference in their properties despite their similar composition.

Gravimetric Analysis (Remote)