Waters of hydration copper sulfate

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VIDEO LINKS:

Lab Experiments (Write protocols and perform experiments based on these):

  1. Decomposition of CuSO4·5H2O

Data analysis and calculations (Use these if you need help with your data and calculations)

  1. Tutorial on waters of hydration

The prelab must include Experimental Protocol, Chemical Table and Equipment Table.

The lab report requires all sections (including prelab sections) to be completed in one document.

Experimental Protocol

(Analysis) Watch the experiment videos. Take notes on the protocol. Stop the video and re-watch as necessary to acquire the details of the procedure. Write out the protocol for each part of the experiment. (It can be written in sequential steps; complete sentences are not necessary.) This is the protocol you will follow, so be detailed.

Chemical Table

(Representation) Prepare your chemical table including the materials you will use in the experiment.  Here is a general template that you may use. (reactants AND products) 
Chemical Name Chemical Formula Molar Mass (g/mol) Hazards reference PPE
Sodium Chloride NaCl 58.5 Skin irritation https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/21105.htm  
         
         
         

Data Collection

  1. (Acquiring competencies) Following your detailed protocol based on the videos, perform all the experiments. Record your observations and take pictures of your key steps in the process.  Your qualitative observations and images need to be incorporated in your data section and this section should be as detailed as possible as you will use this information to complete your analysis and discussion. Descriptive color and texture of Starting Material         ______________Descriptive color and texture of Product                      ______________Captioned Photos of experimentation
  2. (Acquiring competencies) Following your detailed protocol based on the videos. Record your quantitative             observations.
Mass of Beaker Mass of Beaker and Chemical Starting Mass of Starting Chemical Mass of Beaker and Chemical Ending Mass of Product Chemical
     

Data Processing

  1. (Representation) Fill out the following table with your data.
Starting Material Formula Mass Starting material Product Formula Mass Product Mass Water Lost
  2. (Representation) Write the balanced molecular equation for the loss of water for the hydrate you decomposed. 3. (Analysis) Classify the observed reaction. 4. (Manipulation) Find the moles of water lost from the hydrate. 5. (Manipulation) Calculate the moles of the starting material. 6. (Analysis) Predict the moles of the product after the water is driven off. 7. (Analysis) Predict the chemical formula of the product material, assuming that all waters of hydration were driven             off in your experiment. 8.(Manipulation) Calculate the (predicted) theoretical mass of the product produced if all the waters of hydration are          driven off. 9. (Manipulation) Calculate the difference between the predicted mass and the observed mass of the product for the           starting material. 10. (Manipulation) Calculate the % dehydration (100 - % difference/theoretical) in your reaction. 11. (Analysis) Identify at least two potential sources of error in your experiment 12.
Assumptions made Testing the assumption If assumptions are wrong ...
Glassware mass is unaffected by heat Find mass before and after heating Weigh before and after is different.
 

Discussion

Write a minimum one-page (12 font, single spaced) discussion on the experiment conducted this week. Address at least one question in each category as fully as possible integrating the collected data, providing explanations for the observed trends, and evaluating whether your original assumptions about the experiment were validated by the results. The assignment will be graded on completeness, clarity of the explanations and the meaningful integration of the collected and calculated data. Correct grammar and appropriate format for the chemical formulae and chemical reactions is expected. You may use the outline included at the end of this document on how to build your essay to address each category.
  1. (Existing knowledge, research, and views) Define water of hydration.
  2. (Analysis) Provide at least two supported arguments for the appropriate use of the mass of the hydrate vs the dehydrated mass, in mass calculations.
  3. (Lab skill) Describe the proper way to drive off the waters of hydration.
  4. (Analysis) Identify the main difference between solid hydrates and hydrates dissolved in solution.
  5. (Existing knowledge, research, and views) Identify how waters of hydration are associated with a metal ion complex.
  6. (Existing knowledge, research, and views) Choose a complex metal ion hydrate that is colored. Use AI to explain the source of the color you see.
  7. (Existing knowledge, research, and views) Choose a complex metal ion hydrate that is colored. Use AI to explain the change in color observed on dehydration.
  8. (Analysis) Provide at least one supported argument for the role of waters of hydration in solubility.
  9. (Analysis) Describe what happens to the waters of hydration during the dehydration process.
  10. (Analysis) Use the concept of ligand exchange to explain the color change on dehydration.
  11. (Analysis) Identify the role of temperature in the rate of dehydration.
  12. (Experimental Design) Design an experiment to quantify the dehydration of a fruit or vegetable.
  13. (Analysis) Provide a supported argument for why increasing the rate of water of hydration removal is easier with an inorganic compound than dehydrating fruits or vegetables.
  14. (Experimental Design) Design an experiment to identify the difference in solubility between the hydrated and dehydrated forms of the metal complex of your choice.
  15. (Analysis) Provide a supported argument based on the calculations for some waters of hydration remaining after heating.
  16. (Assumptions) List at least three things that you take for granted when performing the experiment.