Conservation of Mass

Edit Experiment

VIDEO LINKS:

Lab Experiments (Write protocols based on the videos then complete your protocols as you perform experiments in class):

  1. Reaction of Sodium Carbonate with Calcium Chloride
  2. Filtering the Product Mixture
  3. Recovering the Products

Data analysis and calculations (Use these if you need help with your data and calculations)

  1. Chemical Reactions
  2. Stoichiometry

Experimental Protocol

(Analysis) Write out the protocol for each part of the experiment.  (It can be written in sequential steps.  Complete sentences are not necessary.)  This is the protocol you follow, so be detailed.

Chemical Table

Representation) Prepare your chemical table including the materials you use in the experiment.  Here is a general template that you may use.  
Chemical Name Chemical Formula Molar Mass (g/mol) Hazards reference PPE
Sodium Chloride NaCl 58.5 Skin irritation https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/21105.htm  
           
           
           

Equipment Table

(Analysis) Identify the equipment (type AND size) needed for the experiment and include the name and an image (picture) of each.  Be sure to describe the equipment, how to use it, and why it is suitable for this use.
Equipment Name Equipment Picture Intended Purpose

Data Collection

(Acquiring competencies) Following your detailed protocol, perform all the experiments. Record your observations and take pictures of your key steps in the process. Your observations and images need to be incorporated in your data section and this section should be as detailed as possible as you will use this information to complete your discussion.

Data Processing

  1. (Representation) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction for sodium carbonate with calcium chloride.
  2. (Representation) Starting with the molecular equation, use your knowledge of dissociation reactions to derive the complete ionic and net ionic equations.
  3. (Analysis) Classify the type of reaction that occurs between calcium chloride and sodium carbonate.
  4. (Analysis) A reaction that occurs with no external “help” is said to be spontaneous. Identify the reaction of sodium carbonate and calcium chloride as spontaneous or non-spontaneous.
  5. (Manipulation) Calculate the total mass of the reactants.
  6. (Manipulation) Calculate the mass of all the products collected after the reaction (Hint: the sum of the material from the filter paper + the material left in the beaker)?
  7. (Manipulation) Starting with the mass of calcium chloride, calculate the expected mass of calcium carbonate and sodium chloride from the reaction.
  8. (Manipulation) Starting with the mass of sodium carbonate, calculate the expected mass of calcium carbonate and sodium chloride from the reaction.
  9. (Manipulation) Calculate the percent yield of calcium carbonate.
  10. (Manipulation) Calculate the percent yield of sodium chloride.
  11. (Assumptions) Fill in the following table using the data and observations from your experiment:
Assumptions made Testing the assumption If assumptions are wrong ...
The distilled water is pure Evaporate it and check for residue
Only Na2CO3 is present in a container labelled Na2CO3

Discussion

Write a minimum one-page (12 font, single spaced) discussion on the experiment conducted this week.  The assignment will be graded on completeness, clarity of the explanations and the meaningful integration of the collected and calculated data. Correct grammar and appropriate format for the chemical formulae and chemical reactions is expected. You may use the outline included at the end of this document on how to build your essay to address each category.  
  1. (Existing knowledge, research, and views) Define conservation of mass.
  2. (Existing knowledge, research, and views) Provide an argument for the identity of the precipitate.
  3. (Analysis) Give an argument based on your results for classifying the reaction that took place.
  4. (Analysis) In your experiment, identify the application of the theory of the conservation of mass.
  5. (Analysis) Using pictures from your lab, explain any discrepancies observed between the mass of starting materials and end products.
  6. (Lab skills) Identify the reason for needing to rinse a beaker after transferring a solution into another beaker.
  7. (Acquiring competencies) Describe the steps involved in filtration.
  8. (Lab skills) Explain the reason you rinse the filter paper during filtration.
  9. (Analysis) Identify reason salt jumps out of a beaker when the solution is evaporated.
  10. (Acquiring competencies) Describe when filtration is best used.
  11. (Existing knowledge, research, and views) Provide at least 2 additional balanced chemical equations for the same class of reaction as the reaction of calcium chloride with sodium carbonate.
  12. (Analysis) Give at least two examples of how this class of reactions are present in your life.